Myopia - How to manage and correct it?

 Myopia - How to manage and correct it?

 

 Myopia or Nearsightedness is a vision condition in which a person can see near clearly but have difficulty seeing far objects (ie watching TV, a board in the classroom, while driving, etc).
 
  If the eyeball size becomes bigger or cornea (black eyeball) is more curved than normal, it causes myopia. The exact cause of myopia is still unknown, but there is an increased chance to get myopia hereditary if one or both parents are having myopia. Even though the tendency to develop myopia may be inherited, but the actual development of the eye may be affected by how a person uses his or her eyes. If someone spends more time reading books, intensive usage of computers and digital screens, or doing continuous near work for a long time may progress myopia rapidly.
  
   Generally myopia occurs in school-age children due to continuous growth of eyes and progresses until about age 20-21 years. Myopia may also develop in adults due to visual stress, during pregnancy, and health conditions such as diabetes.

    Myopia may occur due to environmental factor or other health issues:

• Some persons may experience difficulty seeing far objects in dim light or night time due to low light makes it difficult to focus properly or increase pupil size in dark conditions allows more unfocused peripheral light rays to enter in the eyes.

• Some person who does excessive near work continuously without maintaining breaks may find difficulty to focus far objects in pseudo-myopic condition, caused by overuse of eyes’ focusing mechanism. However constant visual stress may lead to a permanent decrease in distance vision over some time.   
 
    An early indication of developing cataracts or change in diabetic level or during pregnancy may have symptoms of myopia.

    Myopia can be corrected with glasses, contact lenses, surgically, and vision therapy for people with stress-related myopia.

    Eyeglasses are the primary choice of myopia correction. Depending on the amount of myopia you may need to wear glasses for all the time for watching TV or driving a car.
 
    Contact lenses, are the next choice of myopia correction, provides a clearer and wider field of vision than glasses. Contact lenses are worn directly over eyes but need hygiene and care maintenance.
  
    Ortho-K or Corneal refractive therapy (CRT) is the other nonsurgical option to correct myopia. People with mild myopia can be obtained a clear vision for most of their activities. In this procedure, a series of specially designed rigid contact lenses placed over the cornea during sleep or overnight to gradually reshape the curvature of the cornea. The lenses are placed on the cornea to flatten it centrally.